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Terms
 
Warrant

Whisper number

Will

Wire house

Withdrawal

World Bank

World Trade Organization (WTO)

Writer

  Weighted stock index

Whole life insurance

Wilshire 5000 Index

Wire room

Working capital

World fund

Wrap account

 
 
Definitions
 
 
Warrant
For a small fee, you can purchase a warrant that allows you to buy a company's stock at a fixed price. The warrant is valid for a specific period of time, often for several years. Sometimes there is no expiration date.

For example, a warrant priced at $1 per share might guarantee you the right to buy a certain stock at $10 within the next 10 years. If the price goes up to $15, you can exercise, or use, your warrant, save $4 per share, and resell the security at a profit. If the price of the stock falls over the life of the warrant, however, the warrant becomes worthless.

Warrants are listed with a wt following the name of the stock in the stock tables of the newspaper and are traded independently of the underlying stock.

 
 
 
Weighted stock index
In weighted stock indexes, price changes in some stocks have a much greater impact than price changes in others in computing the direction of the overall index. By contrast, in an unweighted index, prices changes in all the stocks have an equal impact.

A price-weighted index, such as the Dow Jones Industrial Average (DJIA), counts changes in the prices of high-priced securities more than changes in the prices of low-priced securities. Similarly, a market capitalization-weighted index, such as the Nasdaq Composite Index, emphasizes price changes in securities with the highest market caps. (A capitalization-weighted index may also be called a market value-weighted index.)

The theory behind weighting is that price changes in the largest or most expensive securities have a greater impact on the overall economy than price changes in smaller-cap or less expensive stocks. However, some critics argue that strong market performance by the biggest or most expensive stocks can drive an index up, masking stagnant or even declining prices in large segments of the market, and providing a skewed view of the economy.

 
 
 
Whisper number
A whisper number is an unofficial earnings estimate for a particular company that a stock analyst shares with clients to supplement the official published estimate. If the company reports earnings in line with the official estimate when the whisper number has been higher, the stock price may fall anyway since investors were expecting something better. The same is true in reverse. If earnings fall short of official expectations but meet a lower whisper number, the stock price may go up.
 
 
 
Whole life insurance
Whole life insurance, sometimes called straight life, is the most widely purchased type of cash-value life insurance. As long as you continue to pay the premium, whole life insurance covers you for your lifetime. The premium usually stays the same for the length of the policy.
 
 
 
Will
A will is a legal document you use to transfer assets you have accumulated during your lifetime to the people and institutions you want to have them after your death. The will also names an executor-the person or people who will carry out your wishes. You can leave those assets directly, or you can use your will to establish one or more trusts to receive the assets and distribute them at some point in the future.

The danger of dying without a will is that a court in the state where you live will decide what happens to your assets. Their decision may not be what you would have chosen.

 
 
 
Wilshire 5000 Index
The Wilshire 5000 is a market capitalization-weighted index of more than 7,000 stocks, prepared by Wilshire Associates, Inc., of Santa Monica, California. It is the broadest US stock market index, tracking all the stocks traded on the New York Stock Exchange (NYSE), the American Stock Exchange (AMEX), and the Nasdaq Stock Market (Nasdaq). There's a difference between the index's name (the 5000) and the number of stocks it tracks because additional stocks are being offered for trading all the time.
 
 
 
Wire house
International and national brokerage houses with multiple branches used to have an advantage over smaller firms because they were linked by private networks that enabled them to transmit important news about the financial markets almost instantaneously.

Although the Internet now makes it possible for all firms-and even individual investors-to benefit from high-speed communication, the largest brokerage houses are still sometimes referred to as wire houses because of the technological edge they used to enjoy.

 
 
 
Wire room
The wire room is the back office of a brokerage firm. People who work there send the buy or sell orders that come in from brokers to the firm's trading department or floor traders. The wire room also gets notifications when the transactions are completed and sends those notifications back to the brokers who took the orders.
 
 
 
Withdrawal
A withdrawal is money you take out of your banking, brokerage, or other accounts. If you withdraw from tax-deferred retirement accounts before you turn 59 1/2, you may owe a 10% early withdrawal penalty plus any income tax that's due on the amount. In everyday usage, the term withdrawal is used interchangeably with distribution to describe money you take from your tax-deferred accounts, though distribution is actually the correct term.
 
 
 
Working capital
Working capital is the money that allows a corporation to function by providing money to pay the bills and keep operations humming. Some working capital is provided by earnings, but corporations can also get infusions of working capital by borrowing money, issuing bonds, and selling stock.
 
 
 
World Bank
Formally known as the International Bank for Reconstruction and Development (IBRD), the World Bank was established in 1944 to aid Europe and Asia after the devastation of World War II. To fulfill its current roles of providing financing for developing countries and making interest-free and low-interest long-term loans to poor nations, the World Bank raises money by issuing bonds to individuals, institutions, and governments in more than 100 countries.
 
 
 
World fund
US-based mutual funds that invest in securities from a number of countries, including the US, are known as world funds or global funds. Unlike international funds that buy only in overseas markets, world funds may keep as much as 75% of their investment portfolio in US stocks or bonds.

Because world fund managers can choose from many markets, they are often able to invest in those companies providing the strongest performance in any given period.

 
 
 
World Trade Organization (WTO)
The WTO was formed in 1995 to enforce the regulations established by the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT) and several other international trade agreements. Composed of representatives from 135 nations and observers from additional nations, it regulates international trade with the goal of helping it to flow as smoothly and freely as possible.

Advocates praise the WTO for helping to create an increasingly global economy and bringing prosperity to developing nations through increased trade. Critics, however, assert that industrialized nations such the US, Canada, and the countries of the European Union have used the WTO to open trade with developing nations while disregarding these nations environmental and labor-related concerns.

 
 
 
Wrap account
A wrap account is a professionally managed investment plan in which all expenses, including brokerage commissions, management fees, and administrative costs, are "wrapped" into a single annual charge, usually amounting to 2% to 3% of the value of the assets in the account.

Wrap accounts combine the services of a professional money manager, who chooses a personalized portfolio of stocks, bonds, mutual funds, and other investments, and a brokerage firm, which takes care of the trading and recordkeeping on the account.

 
 
 
Writer
In the options market, a writer is someone who sells put and call options, an activity known as writing a call or writing a put. Unlike the buyer of an option, who can let the option expire, a seller must go through with a trade if the party holding the option wants to exercise it.
 
 

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